Psychopathology,还有一个大家更熟悉的名字,Abnormal Psychology。这一领域专门研究mental disorder(精神障碍),比如depression(抑郁症), phobia(恐惧症), schizophrenia(精神分裂)等等。<br><br><br> (其实我个人很不喜欢“Abnormal Psychology”这个说法,这个以后有机会再说)<br><br><br> Mental disorder(精神障碍),什么算精神障碍?你说,秦小酥,我跟男朋友分手了,我特别想把他剁碎了蒸成肉包子卖出去,我这是障碍了不?<br><br><br> Nope,这不算障碍,相反,这种想法很正常,要是碰到个千年王八转世的负心狗,脾气爆一点儿的姑娘都想分分钟化身理发师陶德卖馅儿饼的。<br><br><br> 就算就算你真的捅了你男朋友,也不能说你就disorder了,判断mental disorder可不能根据“ 那个负心狗shi吃多了劳资要剁了他保护大自然 ”这一点理由来。下面说判断mental disorder的依据。<br><br><br> 我们现在上课学的(过几年要变了也说不准)用的最广的叫Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder,简称DSM,也可以叫“ 从好多好多精神病数据中分析出来的各种各样精神障碍手册”(这是我瞎胡闹翻译的...切勿太较真)。<br><br><br> 该手册由American Psychiatric Association(APA)出版,APA是一个聚集了美国大多数精神病医师的组织,基本上都是米村儿的白衣天使,维基叔告诉我有一些非米村儿的。<br><br><br> 不过咧,一本精神病手册还是太不科学了,有时候大家也会翻翻International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems(ICD),叫“从国际现存中好多好多病数据中分析出来的各种各样疾病分类手册”(依旧是我瞎胡闹...),这个是由世界健康组织(隶属联合国系统)出版的。<br><br><br> 鉴于我们的教课书是几个米村里的大爷大叔们写的,书里基本就只写了DSM怎么怎么说,所以这里秦酥也只给大家普及DSM,想了解ICD的可以去X维基叔。<br><br><br> 目前DSM最新版是DSM 5,能对上号儿的病后面再8,但是总有些奇葩是你对不上号的,遇到对不上号的怎么办呢,DSM 5里对目前不存在于DSM 5中的mental disorder有这么个定义:<br><br><br> "A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. Mental disorders are usually associated with significant distress in social, occupational, or other important activities. An expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor or loss, such as the death of a loved one, is not a mental disorder. Socially deviant behavior (e.g., political, religious, or sexual) and conflicts that are primarily between the individual and society are not mental disorders unless the deviance or conflict results from a dysfunction in the individual, as described above."<br><br><br> (我没买DSM 5,这是从别的网站上摘下来的,具体在这里: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/rethinking-psychology/201307/the-new-definition-mental-disorder )<br><br><br><br> 这段说明了什么呢?<br><br><br> 说明了英语不好就不要出来学心理喽~~<br><br><br> 啊哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈!!!!!!<br><br><br> 开玩笑的<br><br><br> ps. 我英语其实也挺渣的,雅思没过7,托福没过百,嘤~<br><br><br> |